Saturday, April 27, 2013

Les gauches françaises: 1762-2012 : Histoire, politique et imaginaire

Michael Chazoule
Book review
Les gauches françaises: 1762-2012 : Histoire, politique et imaginaire
By Jacques Julliard

This book had an interesting analysis to the back-story of the French left as a whole, which was brought up to my attention through the controversy of the book. It starts with the 18th century, through the age of enlightenment up to Francois Hollande. The book attempts to show the progress of the political ideology through “les droits de l’homme” in the revolution, the parliamentary monarchy and much more, but I try to focus on the events from Francois Mitterrand and after. People were upset by the intention to completely define and classify the French left.  In the book, Jacques Julliard goes through the history of France and the role of the left, describing with certain detail the various shades of the political spectrum and how it was adaptive to its time. He speaks of the various forms of the “left” such as Liberal, Jacobin, collectivist and libertarian. When he talks about the liberal left (which is the dominant form of the left today), drawing bridges with the liberal right, also called Orleanism. He interestingly argues that its success is behind the fact that liberalism is the mainstream of the late twentieth century enjoying the irresistible rise of individualism in Western societies. An interesting argument he makes is on the Collectivist Left and the notion of interdependence, which was only ever present when the PCF (Party Communist Francais) and was highly criticized for hypocrisy. The Jacobin left was quite a complicated approach, where the author talks about the fact that with that philosophy, the state should be the cause of social change. A critic of the book likes to call it the “Republican Left.” The author claims that while it came to power, mostly under Mitterrand, but it eventually died down to let liberalism take its place. Controversial articles claim that it is still very much present, but without much representation.
According to the general feeling of the book, the authors tries to define the Left like a will to operate a transformation in society towards “equality and justice” while there are things that get priority, such as: those who backup that philosophy try to give the role to the State, which would promote the ideology and transformation through laws. The book is interesting in itself but feels a bit insufficient, without much argument, it leaves the skeleton for future (and ongoing) debates which seem more interesting as a whole than the book itself.

No comments:

Post a Comment